The following example should help illustrate incongruence in verbal and non-verbal communication.
In case of any incongruence, the receiver of the message might be irritated by two messages coming from two different channels, giving cues in two different directions. Attitudes and congruence Īccording to Mehrabian, the three elements account differently for our liking for the person who puts forward a message concerning their feelings: words account for 7%, tone of voice accounts for 38%, and facial expression accounts for 55% of the liking.įor effective and meaningful communication about emotions, these three parts of the message need to support each other - they have to be "congruent". Arguably, these findings have been misquoted and misinterpreted throughout human communication seminars worldwide. Mehrabian's findings on inconsistent messages of feelings and attitudes (the "7%-38%-55% Rule") are well-known, the percentages relating to relative impact of words, tone of voice, and body language when speaking. He also constructed a number of psychological measures including the Arousal Seeking Tendency Scale. He originally trained as an engineer, but is best known for his publications on the relative importance of verbal and nonverbal messages. Mehrabian was born in 1939 to an Armenian family living in Iran. He is best known for his publications on the relative importance of verbal and nonverbal messages. ( July 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Īlbert Mehrabian (born 1939) is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia.
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